| "(...) The keywords used to talk of innovationare based on a series of concepts that can be groupedunder
three headings. On the input side, to use the standard vocabulary,is creativity. Innovation is something
different from what exists; it is originality. Innovationis often contrasted to routine, and gave riseto a
series ofdichotomies like tradition/innovation. Related conceptsare entrepreneuras the agent of change,and
research(or R&D) as creative work. A second group of concepts concerns the output side of innovation.
The outcome of innovation is progress,development,growthand change. These outcomes remain largely
uncontested. Third, in between these two groups of concepts,is technology. Technology is a good or
commodity that embodies knowledge, so it is said.Over the twentieth century, technologygave rise to
the term technological innovation, a spontaneous viewof innovation that becamethe dominant
representation.Many factors explain thisrepresentationof innovation as technological. First,
technology is said to be the mosteasilymeasurabletype of innovation. Second, governments legitimizethis
representation through discourses and policies. Third, therepresentation is both the cause and the resultof
amarket ideologythat guides our thinking and our actions. (...)" |
hier klicken (PDF 288 KB)